FreeBSD 分类中的最新日记

# cd /usr/ports/graphics/pear-Image_Barcode && make install clean

<?php
require_once('Image/Barcode.php');
Image_Barcode::draw('RR651943036CN', 'Code39', 'gif');
exit;
?>

# cd /usr/ports/net/pecl-geoip && make install clean
# apachectl restart
# cd ~
# fetch http://www.maxmind.com/download/geoip/database/GeoIP.dat.gz
# gunzip GeoIP.dat.gz
# mv GeoIP.dat /usr/local/share/GeoIP/GeoIP.dat
# fetch http://www.maxmind.com/download/geoip/database/GeoLiteCity.dat.gz
# gunzip GeoLiteCity.dat.gz
# mv GeoLiteCity.dat /usr/local/share/GeoIP/GeoIPCity.dat

<?php
echo geoip_database_info(GEOIP_COUNTRY_EDITION);

$country = geoip_record_by_name('wangblog.org');
if($country){
	echo "\nThis host is located in: \n";
	print_r($country);
}
?>

cd ~
/usr/bin/fetch http://www.maxmind.com/download/geoip/database/GeoIP.dat.gz
/usr/bin/gunzip GeoIP.dat.gz
mv GeoIP.dat /usr/local/share/GeoIP/GeoIP.dat
/usr/bin/fetch http://www.maxmind.com/download/geoip/database/GeoLiteCity.dat.gz
/usr/bin/gunzip GeoLiteCity.dat.gz
mv GeoLiteCity.dat /usr/local/share/GeoIP/GeoIPCity.dat

以上保存为：update-ipdata-cron.sh

crontab -e
添加以下一行，每月5日0点10分运行：
10 0 5 * * /bin/csh /path/to/update-ipdata-cron.sh

ifconfig_iwi0="up"
wlans_iwi0="wlan0"
ifconfig_wlan0="ssid TP-LINK_57850C wepmode on weptxkey 1 wepkey 1:0x1234567890 DHCP"

# mkdir /mnt/fat32
# mount_msdosfs /dev/ad0s6 /mnt/fat32

fat32、ntfs、cd9660分区中文文件名的问题。以前中文目录有gbfs port支持，现在无需安装gbfs即可实现fat32分区中文文件名的显示。方法是在执行mount_msdosfs时加载-L zh_CN.eucCN的参数，如：
mount_msdosfs -L zh_CN.eucCN /dev/ad0s1 /mnt/disk

对于ntfs及cd9660格式，则用另一个参数-C gbk，如：
mount_cd9660 -C gbk /dev/acd0 /cdrom
mount_ntfs -C gbk /dev/ad0s1 /mnt/win

FreeBSD里的逻辑分区是从ad0s5开始的，因为支持4个主分区，即使只有一个主分区，也是从ad0s5开始的。

# mkdir /mnt/cdrom
# mdconfig -a -t vnode -f /mnt/fat32/8.0-RELEASE-i386-dvd1.iso -u 1
# mount_cd9660 /dev/md1 /mnt/cdrom

# sysinstall

# Xorg -configure
# Xorg -config xorg.conf.new
# cp xorg.conf.new /etc/X11/xorg.conf

# cd /usr/ports/chinese/kcfonts && make install clean
# cd /usr/ports/chinese/arphicttf && make install clean
# cd /usr/ports/chinese/kde4-l10n-zh_CN && make install clean

# cd /usr/ports/www/firefox3 && make install clean
# cd /usr/ports/www/firefox3-i18n && make install clean

# cd /usr/ports/chinese/scim-pinyin/ && make install clean
# ee ~/.cshrc
setenv LANG zh_CN.eucCN
setenv LC_CTYPE zh_CN.eucCN
setenv XMODIFIERS @im=SCIM
setenv GTK_IM_MODULE scim
# echo "exec /usr/local/bin/scim &" >> ~/.xinitrc
# echo "exec /usr/local/kde4/bin/startkde" >> ~/.xinitrc
# startx

昨天 freebsd8.0 releases 正式发布，新版本增加了 8.0-RELEASE-i386-memstick.img 文件，在8.0-RC 的版本中就有了。整个安装过程中遇到了一些问题，与大家一起分享。

1、IBM ThinkPad X32 安装FreeBSD的问题

IBM ThinkPad X32 笔记本确实好用，但也有变态的地方。比如 BIOS 的设置基本没用，要通过操作系统来修改属性。这几天一直在 IBM ThinkPad X32 笔记本上装 FreeBSD 但是一直失败，安装程序在预装时，检测到硬盘就死机：

md0:preloaded image 4423680 bytes at 0xc0d7f830
ad0:152627MB at ata0-master UDM100

在Windows XP下安装ThinkPad Configuration
ThinkVantage->ThinkPad Configuration->Device Bay 设置为Disable

2、Writing FreeBSD memstick.img to a USB drive in Windows

去下载dd for windows

E:\>dd --list
rawwrite dd for windows version 0.5.
Written by John Newbigin <jn@it.swin.edu.au>
This program is covered by the GPL.  See copying.txt for details
Win32 Available Volume Information
\\.\Volume{ab8f5a50-d757-11de-8c1b-806d6172696f}\
  link to \\?\Device\HarddiskVolume1
  fixed media
  Mounted on \\.\c:
 
\\.\Volume{ab8f5a51-d757-11de-8c1b-806d6172696f}\
  link to \\?\Device\HarddiskVolume3
  fixed media
  Mounted on \\.\d:
 
\\.\Volume{ab8f5a52-d757-11de-8c1b-806d6172696f}\
  link to \\?\Device\HarddiskVolume4
  fixed media
  Mounted on \\.\e:
 
\\.\Volume{64acdc22-d831-11de-8c23-08002700405e}\
  link to \\?\Device\Harddisk1\DP(1)0-0+10
  removeable media
  Mounted on \\.\f:
 
 
NT Block Device Objects
\\?\Device\Harddisk0\Partition0
  link to \\?\Device\Harddisk0\DR0
  Fixed hard disk media. Block size = 512
  size is 40007761920 bytes
\\?\Device\Harddisk0\Partition1
  link to \\?\Device\HarddiskVolume1
\\?\Device\Harddisk0\Partition2
  link to \\?\Device\HarddiskVolume2
  Fixed hard disk media. Block size = 512
  size is 10001940480 bytes
\\?\Device\Harddisk0\Partition3
  link to \\?\Device\HarddiskVolume3
\\?\Device\Harddisk0\Partition4
  link to \\?\Device\HarddiskVolume4
\\?\Device\Harddisk1\Partition0
  link to \\?\Device\Harddisk1\DR15
  Removable media other than floppy. Block size = 512
  size is 1999633920 bytes
\\?\Device\Harddisk1\Partition1
  link to \\?\Device\Harddisk1\DP(1)0-0+10
  Removable media other than floppy. Block size = 512
  size is 1999601664 bytes
 
Virtual input devices
 /dev/zero   (null data)
 /dev/random (pseudo-random data)
 -           (standard input)
 
Virtual output devices
 -           (standard output)
 
E:\>dd if=8.0-RELEASE-i386-memstick.img of=\\?\Device\Harddisk1\Partition0 bs=10240 --progress
rawwrite dd for windows version 0.5.
Written by John Newbigin <jn@it.swin.edu.au>
This program is covered by the GPL.  See copying.txt for details
923,207,680
90157+0 records in
90157+0 records out
 
E:\>dd --help
rawwrite dd for windows version 0.5.
Written by John Newbigin <jn@it.swin.edu.au>
This program is covered by the GPL.  See copying.txt for details
dd [bs=SIZE] [count=BLOCKS] [if=FILE] [of=FILE] [seek=BLOCKS] [skip=BLOCKS] [--s
ize] [--list] [--progress]
SIZE and BLOCKS may have one of the following suffix:
 k = 1024
 M = 1048576
 G = 1073741824
default block size (bs) is 512 bytes
skip specifies the starting offset of the input file (if)
seek specifies the starting offset of the output file (of)
 
E:\>

Linux直接：

wget ftp://ftp.freebsdchina.org/pub/FreeBSD/ISO-IMAGES-i386/8.0/8.0-RC1-i386-memstick.img
dd if=8.0-RC1-i386-memstick.img of=/dev/da0 bs=10240 conv=sync

dd if=8.0-RELEASE-i386-memstick.img of=\\?\Device\Harddisk1\Partition0 bs=10240 --progress
要根据你的实际情况更改，if=8.0-RELEASE-i386-memstick.img of=\\?\Device\Harddisk1\Partition0 bs=10240 别反了，反了就是把U盘的内容保存为镜像文件。

3、用U盘启动安装FreeBSD8.0

主板要支持USB-HDD启动，不然就没戏。启动过程比较长，2～3分钟的样子，然后就进入sysinstall，不多说，基本和FreeBSD7.0安装差不多，就是 Media 选择安装媒介时选USB，U盘启动安装FreeBSD8.0可能还不成熟，我第二次时居然没有找到USB设备。

4、选择了 Standand 从FreeBSD启动，无法 MBR 启动 WinXP怎么办

当时情况特殊，因为不小心在BIOS里 LOAD DEFAULT SETUP 打开了扩展坞，真变态，BIOS里禁用不了却可以打开。所以，WInXP 和 FreeBSD 都进不去了。只好用 Win98启动盘启动进入纯DOS（注意是纯DOS），用A:\>fdisk /mbr，然后重启，移除FreeBSD Boot Manager，如果提示找不到操作系统，还是用A:\>fdisk 进去设置启动分区。具体查询DOS的fdisk命令。

可以进WinXP了，关闭扩展坞，然后用U盘启动进入sysinstall，Configuration -> FDisk 选择你想boot的分区，按'S'激活，然后按'W'存盘，sysinstall会问你安装哪个bootmanager，选择Bootmgr 就可以了，然后Exit Installation，Reboot，就可以了。

5、如何恢复U盘

用 UltraISO 9.0 以上的版本，硬盘写入或者格式化就可以恢复U盘。不多说了，简单的问题。

6、FreeBSD8.0 比 7 要大很多，要注意安装空间的配置

好了，基本的安装就结束了，明天再试试KDE怎么样，有什么变化！